For 1990-2009 cars

Refer to

#### Ignition Controls

Engine Controls Components
Information Sensors
Fuel Controls
Power, Ground, MIL, and DLC
OBD II Symbol Description Notice
Handling ESD Sensitive Parts Notice

### Circuit Description

The Electronic Ignition system uses a waste spark method of spark distribution. In this type of ignition system, the ignition control module triggers the correct coil based on the 3X signal received from the crankshaft position sensor, resulting in both spark plugs connected to the coil firing at the same time. The spark plug for the cylinder on the exhaust stroke requires a lower energy requirement to fire, leaving the remaining high voltage to fire the spark plug for the cylinder on the compression stroke.

During cranking, the ignition control module monitors the crankshaft position sensor input for recognition of the sync signal. The sync signal is used to determine the correct cylinder pair to spark first. After the sync signal has been processed by the ignition control module, it sends a 3X reference signal to the PCM. When the PCM receives this signal it will command all six injectors to open for one priming shot of fuel in all cylinders. After the priming, the injectors are left OFF for the next six 3X reference signals from the ignition control module (two crankshaft revolutions). This allows each cylinder to use the fuel from the priming shot. During this waiting period, a cam signal will have been received by the PCM. After the true camshaft position is detected, the PCM operates the injectors sequentially. However, if the cam signal is not present at start-up, DTC P0341 will set and the PCM will start sequential fuel delivery in random pattern with a 1 in 6 chance that fuel delivery is correct.

The sync signal is used only by the ignition control module. It is used for spark synchronization at start-up only (not passed to the PCM).

### Diagnostic Aids

An intermittent may be caused by a poor connection, rubbed through wire insulation or a wire broken inside the insulation. Check for the following items:

• | Mass Air Flow is compared to a calculated Mass Air Flow based upon the MAP, TP, and engine RPM readings (speed density). A Skewed/unresponsive MAP sensor at KEY ON will cause the predicted air flow value to be inaccurate. Compare MAP and TP sensor to the of a normal operating vehicle.

• | Poor connection or damaged harness. Inspect the PCM harness and connectors for improper mating, broken locks, improperly formed or damaged terminals, poor terminal to wire connection, and damaged harness.

• | Faulty Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor. Using a scan tool, compare Engine Coolant Temperature with Intake Air Temperature on a completely cool engine. Engine Coolant Temperature should be within 10°C of Intake Air Temperature. If not, replace the ECT sensor.

### Test Description

The numbers below refer to the step numbers on the Diagnostic Table.

1. A skewed MAP sensor can cause the BARO reading to be incorrectly calculated. To check the MAP sensor, compare the MAP/BARO reading on the vehicle to the MAP/BARO reading on a normally operating vehicle. If there is a skewed or stuck map sensor vehicle may not start, compare the MAP reading with that of another vehicle.

2. This step checks the MAP sensor. By disconnecting the MAF sensor, the vehicle is forced into speed density; Speed density is based on the MAP, TP, and engine RPM readings. With a skewed/unresponsive MAP sensor, the speed density calculation is incorrect and vehicle may have an extended crank to not start.

3. A blinking test light verifies that the PCM is capable of activating the injectors.

   A non-blinking injector test light indicates a possible fault condition in the fuel injector circuit(s).

4. Checking for spark at an ignition wire will determine if the problem is with the 7X crankshaft position sensor input to the ICM. A blinking injector test light with no spark suggests a fault condition in the ignition system. By using J 26792 (ST 125) to test for spark at the ignition coil towers, each ignition coils ability to produce at least 25,000 volts is verified.

5. By testing the problem coils control circuit with a test light, a determination can be made as to the problem coil being faulty or the ignition control modules internal driver circuit for the affected coil being the cause of the complaint.

6. Before replacing the MAP sensor review Diagnostic Aids. Apply vacuum with hand held vacuum pump while monitoring scan tool, MAP reading should increment smoothly with each stroke of vacuum pump.

Step | Action | Value(s) | Yes | No
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | Was the Powertrain On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check performed? | -- | Go to Step 2 | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check
2 | Select Failed Since Code Clear with the scan tool. Is DTC P0101, P0123, P0601/P0602, P1200, P1626, P1374, P1629 stored? | -- | Go to applicable DTC | Go to Step 3
3 |

1. Turn the ignition on, engine off.
2. With scan tool monitor MAP sensor.

Is MAP less than specified value?

65 kPa

Go to Step 27

Go to Step 4

4 |

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect the MAP sensor.
3. Attempt to start the engine.

Does engine start and continue to run?

--

Go to Step 27

Go to Step 5

5 |

1. Ignition off, reconnect MAP sensor connector.
2. Install a fuel pressure gage at the fitting on the fuel rail.
3. Ignition on, observe the fuel pressure.

Is the fuel pressure within the specified values and holding?

284-325 kPa (41-47 psi)

Go to Step 7

Go to Step 6

6 | Is any fuel pressure indicated? | -- | Go to Fuel System Pressure Test | Go to Fuel Pump Electrical Circuit Diagnosis
7 |

1. Ignition off, disconnect the injector 10-way connector.
2. Install injector test light J 34730-380 using J 34730-385 adaptor harness in the connector.
3. Observe injector testlight while cranking the engine.

Does all of the LEDs for cylinders 1-6 flash?

--

Go to Step 8

Go to Step 9

8 |

1. Remove the fuel injection fuse from the engine compartment fuse center.
2. Install a spark tester J 26792 (ST 125) on an ignition wire.
3. Connect one end of the ignition wire to one coil tower of 2, 4, and 6 (one at a time).
4. Clip the ST 125 to the coil tower of each companion cylinder. The companion cylinder is the cylinder that shares the same ignition coil (i.e., 1/4, 2/5, 3/6).
5. Crank the engine while observing the spark tester. A crisp, blue spark should be observed.

Is adequate spark provided by the secondary coils?

--

Go to Step 19

Go to Step 11

9 |

1. Check the fuse for the fuel injector feed circuit.
2. If the fuse blown, check for the following circuit faults:

• | An open or a short to ground in the fuel injector feed circuit.

• | A shorted injector.

3. If a problem is found, repair it as necessary Refer to Engine Electrical.

Was a problem found?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 10

10 | Locate and repair open in the fuel injector feed and driver circuit refer to Engine Electrical. Was the problem found? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | Go to Step 31
11 |

1. Check the fuse for the electronic ignition control module ignition feed circuit.
2. If the fuse is blown, locate and repair short to ground in ignition control module ignition feed circuit or short to battery positive voltage in the IC circuit. Refer to Engine Electrical.

Was the fuse blown?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 12

12 |

1. Check for an open in the electronic ignition control module feed and ground circuits.
2. If a problem is found, repair it as necessary. Refer to Engine Electrical.

Was a problem found?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 13

13 |

1. Turn OFF the ignition.
2. Disconnect the 2 wire, 7X CKP sensor (PPL and YEL wires) connector from the ICM.
3. Connect a DMM between the 7X CKP sensor harness connector terminals.
4. Set the DMM to read ohms.

Is the resistance between the specified value?

800-1,200 ohms

Go to Step 15

Go to Step 14

14 |

1. Ignition off.
2. Check the 7X CKP circuit for the following conditions:

• | An open circuit

• | A short to ground

• | A short to voltage

• | 7X wiring harness shorted together.

• | Poor connections at 7X crankshaft position sensor

• | If a problem is found, repair it as necessary. Refer to Engine Electrical.

Was a problem found?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 28

15 |

1. Check for poor connections at the ICM.
2. If a problem is found, repair it as necessary. Refer to Engine Electrical.

Was a problem found?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 16

16 |

1. Remove and visually/physically inspect the ignition coil(s) associated with the cylinders that did not have spark. Ensure that the coils and coil towers are free of cracks and carbon tracking.
2. If a problem is found, replace damaged ignition coil(s) as necessary.

Did inspection reveal a problem?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 17

17 |

1. Measure the ignition coil secondary resistance.
2. If any resistance is outside the specified values, replace faulty ignition coil(s) as necessary.

Is the resistance outside the specified values?

5K-7K ohms (5000-7000 ohms)

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 18

18 |

1. Connect a test light across the ignition module primary circuit (between the electronic ignition control module terminals) for coil(s) associated with the cylinders which did not have spark.
2. Observe the test light while cranking the engine.

Does the test light blink while the engine is being cranked?

--

Go to Step 29

Go to Step 30

19 |

1. Visually/physically inspect the 2, 4, and 6 cylinder ignition wires. Ensure that the wires and boots are free of carbon tracking and the insulation is not damaged.
2. If a problem is found, replace faulty ignition wire(s) as necessary.

Did inspection reveal any faulty ignition wires?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 20

20 |

1. Measure the resistance of the 2, 4, and 6 cylinder ignition wires.
2. If any resistance is outside the specified value, replace the faulty ignition wire.

Was a problem found?

7000 ohms (7K ohms)

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 21

21 |

1. Remove the spark plugs from cylinders 2, 4, and 6.
2. Visually inspect the spark plug electrodes.

Does your inspection reveal any spark plugs exhibiting excessive fouling?

--

Go to Step 26

Go to Step 22

22 |

1. Visually/physically inspect the 1, 3, and 5 cylinder ignition wires. Ensure that the wires and boots are free of carbon tracking and the insulation is not damaged.
2. If a problem is found, replace faulty ignition wire(s) as necessary.

Did inspection reveal any faulty ignition wires?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 23

23 |

1. Measure the resistance of the 1, 3, and 5 cylinder ignition wires.
2. If any resistance is outside the specified value, replace the faulty ignition wire.

Was a problem found?

7000 ohms (7K ohms)

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Step 24

24 |

1. Remove the spark plugs from cylinders 1, 3, and 5.
2. Visually inspect the spark plug electrodes.

Does your inspection reveal any spark plugs exhibiting excessive fouling?

--

Go to Step 26

Go to Step 25

25 |

1. Test the fuel for contamination. Refer to Alcohol/Contaminants-in-Fuel Test .
2. If a problem is found, clean the fuel system and correct the contaminated fuel condition as necessary.

Was a problem found?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to Diagnostic Aids

26 | Repair engine mechanical problem. Refer to Engine Mechanical Diagnosis to diagnose the following conditions:

• | Bent push rods

• | Faulty or incorrect camshaft

• | Leaking or sticky valves or rings

• | Excessive valve deposits

• | Loose or worn rocker arms

• | Weak valve springs

• | Incorrect valve timing

• | Leaking head gasket

Is the action complete?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

--

27 | Replace MAP sensor. Refer to Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Replacement . Is the action complete? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | --
28 | Replace the 7X crankshaft position sensor. Refer to Crankshaft Position Sensor Replacement . Is the action complete? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | --
29 | Replace the ignition coil(s) associated with the cylinders that did not have spark. Is the action complete? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | --
30 | Replace the electronic ignition control module. Refer to Ignition Control Module Replacement . Is the action complete? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | --
31 | Replace the PCM. Important:: Replacement PCM must be programmed. Refer to Powertrain Control Module Replacement/Programming . Is the action complete? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | --