For 1990-2009 cars

Refer to Engine Controls Schematics

#### Ignition System, Knock Sensor

Underhood Accessory Wiring Junction Block
OBD II Symbol Description Notice
Powertrain Control Module Connector End Views
Handling ESD Sensitive Parts Notice
Engine Controls Components
Powertrain Control Module Description
Fuel Control
Power, Ground, MIL, DLC
.

### Circuit Description

During cranking, the IC Module monitors the 7X CKP sensor input for recognition of the sync signal. The sync signal is used only by the IC Module for synchronization at start-up to determine the correct cylinder pair to spark. Once the engine speed reaches approximately 600 RPM the PCM sends 5.0 V to the bypass control circuit at the IC Control Module causing the IC control circuit to become ungrounded allowing the 24X signal to be used for better low engine speed performance. At higher engine speeds (1650+) the PCM uses the 3X reference pulses to control ignition timing because a higher resolution signal is not needed.

Conventional ignition coils have one end of the secondary winding connected to the engine ground. In this ignition system, neither end of the secondary winding is grounded. Instead, each end of a coil's secondary winding is attached to a spark plug. Each cylinder is paired with the cylinder that is opposite it (1-4, 2-5, 3-6). These two plugs are on companion cylinders, i.e., on top dead center at the same time. When the coil discharges, both plugs fire at the same time to complete the series circuit. The cylinder on compression is said to be the event cylinder and the one on exhaust is the waste cylinder. The cylinder on the exhaust stroke requires very little of the available energy to fire the spark plug. The remaining energy will be used as required by the cylinder on the compression stroke. The same process is repeated when the cylinders reverse roles. This method of ignition is called a waste spark ignition system.

This table assumes there are no Ignition System, Fuel Injector, Cam Sensor, or Crank Sensor DTC's present. The Electronic Ignition System Check tests for faulty ignition coils, spark plugs, plug wires, the 7X Crank Sensor, and IC Module. This table requires the J 26792 Spark Tester .

### Diagnostic Aids

Inspect for the following conditions:

Many situations may lead to an intermittent condition. Perform each inspection or test as directed.

Important: : Remove any debris from the connector surfaces before servicing a component. Inspect the connector gaskets when diagnosing or replacing a component. Ensure that the gaskets are installed correctly. The gaskets prevent contaminate intrusion.

• | Loose terminal connection

- | Use a corresponding mating terminal to test for proper tension. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections , and to Connector Repairs in Wiring Systems for diagnosis and repair.

- | Inspect the harness connectors for backed out terminals, improper mating, broken locks, improperly formed or damaged terminals, and faulty terminal to wire connection. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections , and to Connector Repairs in Wiring Systems for diagnosis and repair.

• | Damaged harness--Inspect the wiring harness for damage. If the harness inspection does not reveal a problem, observe the display on the scan tool while moving connectors and wiring harnesses related to the sensor. A change in the scan tool display may indicate the location of the fault. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems for diagnosis and repair.

• | Inspect the powertrain control module (PCM) and the engine grounds for clean and secure connections. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems for diagnosis and repair.

If the condition is determined to be intermittent, reviewing the Snapshot or Freeze Frame/Failure Records may be useful in determining when the DTC or condition was identified.

### Test Description

Numbers below refer to the step numbers on the Diagnostic Table:

1. It is necessary to disconnect the 24X Crank Sensor to ensure that the 7X signal is being read in the 3X reference parameter on the scan tool.

1. The J 26792 spark tester presents a more difficult load on the secondary ignition than a normal spark plug. If a miss, stumble, or hesitation is being caused by a spark plug not firing, the spark tester should also not fire.

2. Use a 5% saltwater solution in a spray bottle to induce voltage arching to ground through faulty insulation of spark plug wires.

3. If the no spark condition follows the suspected coil, that coil is faulty. Otherwise, the ignition module is the cause of no spark. This test could also be performed by substituting a known good coil for the one causing the no spark condition.

Step | Action | Value(s) | Yes | No
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | Did you perform the Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check? | -- | Go to step 2 | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check
2 |

1. Disconnect the 24X Crank Sensor.
2. With a scan tool, observe the 3X reference parameter while cranking the engine.

Does the scan tool indicate 3X reference signal present?

--

Go to step 3

Go to step 10

3 |

1. Reconnect the 24X Crank Sensor.
2. With a J 26792 Spark Tester, test for spark at each cylinder.

Did you observe any non-sparking cylinders?

--

Go to step 4

Go to step 7

4 | Inspect and test the affected cylinder spark plug wire(s), Ignition coil(s), and Spark plugs for a short to ground or arching to ground. If Carbon tracking or corrosion is present, replace both components affected. Refer to Spark Plug Wire Harness Replacement in Engine Electrical, and Ignition Coil Replacement in Engine Electrical.

Did you find and correct the condition?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to step 5

5 | Test affected spark plug wire(s) for proper resistance. Replace spark plug wire(s) not near specification. Refer to Spark Plug Wire Harness Replacement in Engine Electrical. Did you find and correct the condition? | 600ohms per ft (1,968ohms per M) | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | Go to step 6
6 | Switch the affected cylinder coil with a known good one. If the fault follows the affected coil replace it. Refer to Ignition Coil Replacement in Engine Controls. Did you find and correct the condition? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | Go to step 14
7 | Inspect the spark plug wires for proper routing and for the correct firing order. If any spark plug wires are found to be misrouted, reroute as necessary. Refer to Spark Plug Wire Harness Replacement in Engine Electrical. Did you find and correct the condition? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | Go to step 8
8 | With a DMM, test spark plugs for internal short to ground. Replace any grounded Spark plugs found. Refer to Spark Plug Replacement in Engine Electrical. Did you find and correct the condition? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | Go to step 9
9 |

1. Remove the spark plugs. Refer to Spark Plug Replacement in Engine Electrical.
2. Inspect spark plugs for damage. Refer to Spark Plug Visual Diagnosis in Engine Electrical.

If any spark plugs are found to be bad, replace the affected spark plugs. Refer to Spark Plug Replacement in Engine Electrical.

Did you complete the replacement?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

--

10 |

1. Reconnect the 24X Crank Sensor.
2. Disconnect the IC Module connector C2.
3. Turn ON the ignition.
4. With a test lamp connected to a good ground, probe the IC Module ignition feed circuit.

Does the test lamp illuminate?

--

Go to step 11

Go to step 16

11 | Connect a test lamp between the IC Module ignition feed circuit and IC Module ground circuit. Does the test lamp illuminate? | -- | Go to step 12 | Go to step 19
12 |

1. Disconnect the 7X Connector C2 from the IC Module.
2. With a test lamp connected to battery positive voltage probe both the 7X Reference High and 7X Reference Low circuits.

Does the test lamp illuminate when probing either circuits?

--

Go to step 17

Go to step 13

13 |

1. Connect a test lamp to ground.
2. Probe both the 7X Reference High and 7X Reference Low circuits.

Does the test lamp illuminate when probing either circuits?

--

Go to step 18

Go to step 14

14 |

1. Ensure the Battery voltage is within specifications.
2. Turn OFF the ignition.
3. Connect a DMM between the 7X reference high circuit and the 7X reference low circuit at the IC Module harness connector.
4. Crank the engine while observing AC Duty Cycle (%) .

Does the DMM indicate AC Duty Cycle present?

--

Go to step 20

Go to step 15

15 | Test the 7X Crank Sensor circuits for the following conditions:

• | Opens

• | 7X Reference high and 7X reference low circuits shorted together.

Repair any damaged wiring. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems.

Did you find and correct the condition?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

Go to step 21

16 |

1. Repair the open or short to ground in the IC Module Ignition feed circuit. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems.
2. Replace the fuse if necessary.

Did you complete the repair?

--

Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

--

17 | Repair the short to ground in the 7X Reference circuit which illuminated the test lamp. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems. Did you complete the repair? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | --
18 | Repair the short to voltage in the 7X Reference circuit which illuminated the test lamp. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems. Did you complete the repair? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | --
19 | Repair the open in the IC Module ground circuit. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems. Did you complete the repair? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | --
20 | Replace the IC Module. Refer to Ignition Control Module Replacement . Did you complete the replacement? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | --
21 | Replace the 7X Crank Sensor. Refer to Crankshaft Position Sensor Replacement . Did you complete the replacement? | -- | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | --