For 1990-2009 cars

### Bumpers

The bumper systems are designed to sustain a collision into a fixed barrier at 8 km/h (5 mph) without damage. After absorbing the energy of a collision, the bumper systems restore themselves to their original positions. The bumpers feature an internal foam energy absorber and a polymer fascia cover.

### Parking Assist System

Parking Assist System (PAS) is an electronic system designed to provide an acoustic tone informing the driver of obstacles at or near the rear of the vehicle during low speed manoeuvres such as parking. The PAS consists of four ultrasonic object sensor assemblies mounted to the rear bumper fascia, an electronic control module assembly mounted to the upside of wheelhouse panel and buzzer assembly mounted to the instrument panel. Sonar is used to detect the presence of obstacles within a defined area, by measuring the time between the transmission and reception of sound waves.

When reverse gear is selected, the sensors transmit short ultrasonic pulses and then listen for an echo reflected from an object within range. The electronic control module uses echo data from one or more sensors to calculate the distance to the obstacle.

### System Operation

When the ignition is on and reverse gear is selected, a tone will sound from the buzzer for a period of 0.3 seconds to indicate system readiness.

The control module provides a voltage to each sensor sequentially which is converted into an ultrasonic pulse.

Where an object is within the detection range, the ultrasonic pulse is reflected (echoed) and received by the same and/or adjacent sensors.

The echoes are amplified, processed and returned to the control module as a digital signal. The control module processes this information and informs the driver of the object by activating an intermittent acoustic tone through the buzzer.

The four sensors are mounted onto the rear bumper fascia in an arrangement that provides a slight overlap of the polar patterns. This provides the best coverage of the detection area. The maximum detection distance is 150 cm.

The detection area is divided into four warning zones. As listed in the following table, the tone-on to tone-off period shortens as the distance to the detected object decreases.

Detection Zone | LC, RC (cm) | LM, RM (cm) | Tone ON | Tone OFF
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | 20 ~ 30 | 20 ~ 30 | Continuous | --
2 | 31 ~ 60 | 31 ~ 60 | 40 ms | 280 ms
3 | 61 ~ 80 | 61 ~ 90 | 40 ms | 480 ms
4 | -- | 91 ~ 150 | 40 ms | 680 ms
5 | -- | -- | 300 ms | --