For 1990-2009 cars

### General Description

The design of General Motors bumpers enables the vehicle to withstand a collision into a fixed barrier at 4 km/h (2.5 mph) and sustain minimal damage. At 8 km/h (5.0 mph) additional damage may occur to the bumper impact bar.

### Fasteners

No aluminum parts are used in the front or the rear bumper parts. Many of the fasteners that are used in the bumper area have the special finish GM 6111-M (gray) and GM 6047 (black). The special finish provides adequate protection from corrosion. The special fasteners differ in color in order to more easily identify the fasteners from the standard metric fasteners.

When replacing fasteners in the bumper area, do not use substitutions in locations that require the use of GM 6111-M or GM 6047 type special fasteners for aluminum.

### Energy-Absorbers

This vehicle uses the following types of energy absorbers:

1. One piece plastic energy absorber/beam (Front)
2. Molded foam energy absorber (Rear)