For 1990-2009 cars

Lead/pull is the deviation of the vehicle from a straight path on a level road with no pressure on the steering wheel. Lead is usually caused by the following conditions:

• | Poor tire construction

• | Uneven brake assemblies

• | Improper tire and wheel alignment In the front tires (rear tires will not cause lead)

Tire construction can be a cause of lead in a vehicle. An example of this is placement of the belt. Off-center belts on radial tires can cause the tire to develop a side force while rolling straight down the road, and the tire will tend to roll like a cone.

Use the lead/pull correction table in order to verify that improper tire and wheel alignment is not mistaken for tire lead.

#### Lead/Pull Correction Table

Step | Action | Value(s) | Yes | No
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | Road test the vehicle in order to verify the complaint Does the vehicle lead/pull to either the left or to the right? | -- | Go to Step 2 | --
2 |

1. Adjust the tire pressure to specification (30 psi).
2. Check for proper trim heights.
3. Check brakes for drag.
4. Road test the vehicle.

Does the vehicle still lead/pull in the same direction?

210 kPa (30 psi)

If left, go to Step 3

If right, go to Step 4

--

3 | Vehicle lead or pull is to the left.

1. Replace the left front tire with a known good tire.
2. Road test the vehicle.

Does the vehicle still lead/pull in the same direction?

--

Go to Step 5

Go to Step 8

4 | Vehicle lead or pull is to the right.

1. Replace the right front tire with a known good tire.
2. Road test the vehicle.

Does the vehicle still lead/pull in the same direction?

--

Go to Step 6

Go to Step 9

5 |

1. Replace the left rear tire with a known good tire.
2. Road test the vehicle.

Does the vehicle still lead/pull in the same direction?

--

Go to Step 7

Go to Step 10

6 |

1. Replace the right rear tire with a known good tire.
2. Road test the vehicle.

Does the vehicle still lead/pull in the same direction?

--

Go to Step 7

Go to Step 11

7 | Perform vehicle alignment. Refer to Wheel Alignment Measurement in Wheel Alignment. Is alignment within specifications? | -- | Go to Step 13 | Go to Step 12
8 | Replace the left front tire. Is the repair complete? | -- | Go to Step 1 | --
9 | Replace the right front tire. Is the repair complete? | -- | Go to Step 1 | --
10 | Replace the left rear tire. Is the repair complete? | -- | Go to Step 1 | --
11 | Replace the right rear tire. Is the repair complete? | -- | Go to Step 1 | --
12 | Perform vehicle alignment. Refer to Wheel Alignment Measurement in Wheel Alignment. Is repair complete? | -- | Go to Step 1 | --
13 |

1. Change the caster setting.
2. Road test the vehicle.

Does the vehicle lead/pull to either the left or to the right?

--

If left, go to Step 14

If right, go to Step 15

--

14 | Vehicle lead/pull is to the left.

1. Set the left caster to top specification. Set the right caster 1 degree less. Refer to Wheel Alignment Specifications .
2. Road test the vehicle.

Does the vehicle still lead/pull?

--

Go to Step 16

System OK

15 | Vehicle lead/pull is to the right.

1. Set the right caster to top specification. Set the left caster 1 degree less. Refer to Wheel Alignment Specifications .
2. Road test the vehicle.

Does the vehicle still lead/pull?

--

Go to Step 16

System OK

16 |

1. On the side opposite to the lead/pull, decrease the caster 1 degree until lead/pull is eliminated. Do not exceed 2 degree cross caster.
2. Road test the vehicle.

Does the vehicle still lead/pull?

--

Go to Step 17

System OK

17 | The cause of the problem is worn or bent suspension components. Replace as necessary. Have you replaced the parts? | -- | System OK | --