For 1990-2009 cars

### Circuit Description

The Crankshaft Position sensor is mounted through the side of the engine block at the rear of Bank 2 behind the starter assembly. The Crankshaft Position sensor works in conjunction with a 24X reluctor wheel on the crankshaft. The reluctor wheel is inside the engine immediately in front of the rear main bearing. The PCM provides a 12 volt power supply to the CKP sensor as well as a ground and a signal circuit.

A misfire causes a change in crankshaft speed. The PCM times the interval between each pulse and compares each new time interval with the previous one in order to determine when an excessive change in crankshaft speed has occurred. You can expect a certain amount of acceleration/deceleration between each firing stroke, but if the crankshaft speed changes are greater than an expected amount, the PCM interprets this as a misfire.

The PCM uses the Crankshaft Position sensor for both spark and fueling. As the crankshaft rotates, the reluctor wheel teeth interrupt a magnetic field produced by a magnet within the sensor. The sensors internal circuitry detects this and produces a signal which the PCM reads. The PCM uses this 24X signal in combination with the Camshaft Position sensor 1X signal in order to accurately determine crankshaft position. The PCM also calculates a 4X signal from this information. The PCM uses the 4X signal for internal calculations. The 4X signal also provides a tach signal for any device which requires one.

Observe that as long as the Crankshaft Position sensor 24X signal is available, the engine will start. The PCM can determine top dead center for all cylinders by using the Crankshaft Position sensor 24X signal alone. The Camshaft Position sensor 1X signal is used by the PCM to determine if the cylinder at top dead center is on the firing stroke, or the exhaust stroke. The system attempts synchronization and looks for an increase in engine speed indicating the engine started. If the PCM does not detect an increase in engine speed, the PCM incorrectly synchronized to the exhaust stroke and will re-sync to the opposite cam position. A slightly longer cranking time may be a symptom of this condition.

### Conditions for Running the DTC

• | DTCs P0101, P0102, P0103, P0107, P0108, P0117, P0118, P0121, P0122, P0123, P0125, P0335, P0336, P0341, P0342, P0343, P0500, P0502, P0503, P1258 not set.

• | The engine speed is between 450 RPM and 3,001 RPM.

• | The ignition voltage is between 11.0 volts and 16 .0 volts.

• | The engine coolant temperature is between -7°C (19°F) and 130°C (266°F).

• | Fuel level greater than 10%

• | The TP sensor angle is steady within 1%.

• | The ABS and Traction Control systems are not active.

• | The transmission is not changing gears.

• | The AIR diagnostic test is not in progress

• | The A/C clutch is not changing states.

• | The PCM is not in fuel shut-off or decel fuel cut-off mode.

• | The ABS signals not exceeding rough road thresholds.

### Conditions for Setting the DTC

• | The PCM determines that an emission type Misfire is present.

• | The PCM determines that a catalyst damaging Misfire is present.

### Action Taken When the DTC Sets

The PCM will illuminate the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) under the following conditions:

• | The PCM illuminate the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) on the second consecutive ignition cycle that the diagnostic runs and fails, if the diagnostic fails under the same conditions (load, RPM, temperature, etc.) as the previous ignition cycle that the test ran and failed.

• | The first time the diagnostic fails, the PCM records the operating conditions in Failure Records.

• | The second consecutive ignition cycle that this diagnostic fails [under the same conditions (load, RPM, temperature, etc.) as the previous ignition cycle that the test ran and failed], the PCM stores this information in Freeze Frame. The PCM copies any data previously stored in Freeze Frame and copies the data into the Failure Records. The PCM then overwrites the Freeze Frame. The only exception to this is if a Misfire DTC was already recorded in Freeze Frame. In this case, the Misfire data stays in Freeze Frame and the PCM updates the Fuel Trim data in the Failure Records.

• | The PCM determines the percent of misfire over a 1,000 revolution period is high enough to cause excessive tail pipe emissions. The PCM illuminates the Malfunction Indicator lamp the next consecutive ignition cycle that the diagnostic runs and fails, if the diagnostic fails under the same conditions (load, RPM, temperature, etc.) as the previous ignition cycle that the test ran and failed.

### Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC

Important: If the last failure was during a non-typical driving condition, the MIL may remain ON longer than the three ignition cycles. Review the Freeze Frame/Failure Records for the last failure conditions.

• | The PCM turns the MIL OFF after three consecutive ignition cycles that the diagnostic runs and does not fail within the same conditions that the DTC last failed.

• | A History DTC clears after forty consecutive warm-up cycles, if this or any other emission related diagnostic does not report any failures.

• | A last test failed (Current DTC) clears when the diagnostic runs and does not fail.

• | Use a scan tool in order to clear the MIL/DTC.

### Diagnostic Aids

Important:

• | Remove any debris from the PCM connector surfaces before servicing the PCM. Inspect the PCM connector gaskets when diagnosing/replacing the PCM. Ensure that the gaskets are installed correctly. The gaskets prevent contaminate intrusion into the PCM.

• | For any test that requires probing the PCM or a component harness connector, use the Connector Test Adapter Kit J 35616 . Using this kit prevents damage to the harness connector terminals.

• | Running the vehicle out of fuel causes sufficient misfire to set DTC P0300. A vehicle that is out of fuel may have DTC P0461 also set.

• | A restricted fuel filter can cause sufficient misfire to set DTC P0300. Refer to Fuel System Diagnosis .

• | Observe, if more than one cylinder is mis-firing, the scan tool may only display one cylinder mis-firing. This will not be apparent until the repair is complete.Also, if an ignition coil/module ground circuit is open for one side of the engine, the scan tool may only display 2 or 3 cylinders mis-firing. Inspect the ground circuit for the ignition coil/modules on the cylinder bank of the engine that has more than one cylinder mis-firing.

• | Excessive vibration from sources other than the engine could cause a misfire DTC. The following are possible sources of vibration:

- | Variable thickness brake rotor

- | Drive shaft not balanced

- | Certain rough road conditions

• | Using the Freeze Frame and/or Failure Records data may aid in locating an intermittent condition. If you cannot duplicate the DTC, the information included in the Freeze Frame and/or Failure Records data can help determine how many miles since the DTC set. The Fail Counter and Pass Counter can also help determine how many ignition cycles the diagnostic reported a pass and/or a fail. Operate the vehicle within the same freeze frame conditions (RPM, load, vehicle speed, temperature etc.) that you observed. This will isolate when the DTC failed.

• | For an intermittent condition, refer to Symptoms .

### Test Description

The numbers below refer to the step numbers on the diagnostic table.

1. The misfire current counters will not increment when engine load is low.

   Wetting down the secondary ignition system with water from a spray bottle may help locate damaged or deteriorated components. Look/listen for arcing or misfiring as you apply the water.

   If the Misfire Cur counters are incrementing and there is no apparent misfire, an erratic CKP sensor signal could be the cause. Perform the diagnostic table for DTC P0335 first if this condition is suspected.

   If a misfire is present and you suspect a fuel control condition, force the fuel system into Open Loop using the scan tool and allow the engine to run for a few minutes. If this eliminates the misfire, refer to any fuel control related DTCs which are set. If no other DTCs are set, refer to the Engine Scan Tool Data List.

2. The cylinder with the more significant misfire may cause another cylinders counter to increment only by a small amount.

3. If the engine misfire moves with the spark plug, this is good indication that you should replace the spark plug.

4. If you cannot find any fuel system conditions, refer to Engine Mechanical. An engine mechanical condition can cause a spark plug to foul. Inspect the engine for loose rockers, collapsed lifters or worn camshaft lobes.

5. If the customers concern is the MIL is flashing, this indicates that a Catalyst Misfire has occurred. Drive the vehicle in the conditions to run the catalyst diagnostic. Refer to DTC P0420 Catalyst System Low Efficiency Bank 1 and/or DTC P0430 Catalyst System Low Efficiency Bank 2 .

#### DTC P0300 - Engine Misfire Detected

Step | Action | Value(s) | Yes | No
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | Did you perform the Powertrain On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check? | -- | Go to Step 2 | Go to Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check
2 | Important:

• | You must perform the Crankshaft Position System Variation Learn before proceeding with this diagnostic table. Refer to Crankshaft Position System Variation Learn .

• | If any DTCs are set, refer to those DTCs before proceeding with this diagnostic.

• | Ensure that the ABS and Traction Control systems are functioning properly before proceeding with this diagnostic.

#### Automatic Transmission

1. Install the scan tool.
2. Idle the engine.
3. Turn all the accessories ON (i.e. lights, A/C, rear defogger).
4. Set the Park Brake.
5. Transmission in drive.
6. Monitor all of the Misfire Cur. counters on the misfire data list (one counter per cylinder) using the scan tool.

#### Manual Transmission

1. Install the scan tool.
2. Idle the engine.
3. Turn all the accessories ON (i.e. lights, A/C, rear defogger).
4. Set the Park Brake.
5. Transmission in neutral.
6. Select the special functions and RPM control using the scan tool.
7. Lower the engine speed to the specified value.
8. Select the misfire data list while in the RPM control portion of the scan tool. You can select the misfire list by pressing the More and then the Next List/Previous list soft key on the scan tool. The Soft Key will have to be selected a few times to reach the misfire data list.
9. Monitor all of the Misfire Cur. counters on the misfire data list (one counter per cylinder) using the scan tool.

Are any of the Misfire Cur. counters incrementing?

--

Go to Step 4

Go to Step 3

3 |

1. Turn ON the ignition leaving the engine OFF.
2. Review the Freeze Frame and/or Failure Records data for this DTC and observe the parameters.
3. Turn OFF the ignition for 15 seconds.
4. Start the engine.
5. Operate the vehicle within the conditions required for this diagnostic to run, and as close to the conditions recorded in Freeze Frame/Failure Records as possible. Special operating conditions that you need to meet before the PCM will run this diagnostic, where applicable, are listed in Conditions for Running the DTC.
6. Select the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) option, the Specific DTC option, and then enter the DTC number using the scan tool.

Does the scan tool indicate that this diagnostic failed this ignition?

--

Go to Step 4

Go to Diagnostic Aids

4 | Is only one Misfire counter incrementing? | -- | Go to Step 6 | Go to Step 5
5 | Visually/physically inspect the following items:

• | Accessory drive belt and pulleys for damage or misalignment. Refer to Drive Belt Diagnosis in Engine Mechanical 5.7L.

• | Vacuum hoses for splits, kinks and proper connections.

• | Throttle body and intake manifold for vacuum leaks.

• | Crankcase ventilation valve and/or system for vacuum leaks.

• | PCM grounds for being clean and secure. Refer to Ground Distribution Schematics in Wiring Systems.

• | Verify that all injector harness connectors are connected to the proper injector/cylinder.

• | Inspect the injector and Ignition Control fuses for being open. If you find an open fuse, locate and repair the shorted circuit. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems.

• | Test for low fuel pressure or restricted fuel flow. Refer to Fuel System Diagnosis .

• | Inspect for a restricted exhaust.

• | Poor fuel quality. Refer to Alcohol/Contaminants-in-Fuel Diagnosis .

Did any of the above steps isolate a condition requiring a repair?

--

Go to Step 17

Go to Step 6

6 |

1. Turn OFF the ignition.
2. Disconnect the injector that corresponds to the Misfire Cur counter(s) that was incrementing.
3. Connect the injector test lamp J 34730-405 to the injector electrical connector.
4. Idle the engine.

Is the injector test lamp flashing?

--

Go to Step 7

Go to Fuel Injector Circuit Diagnosis

7 |

1. Turn OFF the ignition.
2. Reconnect the injector harness electrical connector.
3. Disconnect the ignition wire(s) from the spark plug that corresponds to the Misfire Cur counter(s) that was incrementing. Refer to Spark Plug Wire Harness Replacement in Engine Electrical.
4. Install spark tester J 26792 to a ground.
5. Start and idle the engine.

Does the spark jump the tester gap and is the spark consistent?

--

Go to Step 9

Go to Step 8

8 |

1. Remove the ignition wire for the cylinder that is Mis-firing.
2. Measure the resistance of the ignition wire using the DMM J 39200 .

Is the ignition wire resistance less than the specified resistance?

700ohms

Go to Electronic Ignition (EI) System Diagnosis

Go to Step 16

9 |

1. Remove the spark plug(s) from the cylinder(s) that indicated a misfire. Refer to Spark Plug Replacement in Engine Electrical.
2. Visually inspect the spark plug(s) for the affected cylinder(s).

Does the spark plug appear to be OK?

--

Go to Step 10

Go to Step 11

10 |

1. Exchange the suspected spark plug with another cylinder that is operating properly.
2. Operate the vehicle under the same conditions that the misfire occurred.

Important: If the Injector Coil Test Procedure fails to locate the cause of the fault, refer to Base Engine Misfire Diagnosis in Engine Mechanical 5.7L.

Did the misfire move with the spark plug?

--

Go to Step 15

Go to Fuel Injector Solenoid Coil Test - Engine Coolant Temperature Between 10-35 Degrees C (50-95 Degrees F)

11 | Are the spark plugs oil or coolant fouled? | -- | Go to Base Engine Misfire Diagnosis in Engine Mechanical 5.7L. | Go to Step 12
12 | Important: If no concern can be located with the fuel system, refer to Base Engine Misfire Diagnosis in Engine Mechanical 5.7L. Are the spark plugs gas fouled? | -- | Go to Fuel System Diagnosis | Go to Step 13
13 | Important: If the Injector Coil Test Procedure fails to locate the cause of the fault, refer to Base Engine Misfire Diagnosis in Engine Mechanical 5.7L. Do the spark plugs show any signs of being cracked, worn, or improperly gapped? | -- | Go to Step 14 | Go to Fuel Injector Solenoid Coil Test - Engine Coolant Temperature Between 10-35 Degrees C (50-95 Degrees F)
14 | Replace or re-gap spark plugs. If improper gap is found, be sure to re-gap spark plugs using a wire type gauge, J 41319. Is the action complete? | -- | Go to Step 17 | --
15 | Replace the faulty spark plug(s). Refer to Spark Plug Replacement in Engine Electrical. Is the action complete? | -- | Go to Step 17 | --
16 | Replace the faulty ignition wire(s). Refer to Spark Plug Wire Harness Replacement in Engine Electrical. Is the action complete? | -- | Go to Step 17 | --
17 | Was the customers concern that the MIL was flashing? | -- | Go to DTC P0420 Catalyst System Low Efficiency Bank 1 or DTC P0430 Catalyst System Low Efficiency Bank 2 . | Go to Step 18
18 |

1. Select the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) option and the Clear DTC Information option using the scan tool.
2. Idle the engine at the normal operating temperature.
3. Select the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) option and the Specific DTC option, then enter the DTC number using the scan tool.
4. Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC as specified in the supporting text, if applicable.

Does the scan tool indicate that this test ran and passed?

--

Go to Step 19

Go to Step 2

19 | Select the Capture Info option and the Review Info option using the scan tool. Does the scan tool display any DTCs that you have not diagnosed? | -- | Go to the applicable DTC table | System OK