For 1990-2009 cars

1. Raise the front of the vehicle to allow the front suspension to hang free.

Caution: Refer to Vehicle Lifting and Jacking Caution in the Preface section.

2. Grasp the tire at the top and the bottom.
3. Move the top of the tire in an in-and-out motion.
4. Look for any horizontal movement of the knuckle relative to the control arm.
5. Ball joints must be replaced under the following conditions:

• | The joint is loose.

• | The ball seal is cut.

• | The ball stud is disconnected from the knuckle.

• | The ball stud is loose at the knuckle.

• | The ball stud can be twisted in its socket with finger pressure.

### Ball Stud Inspection

Make sure to check the tightness of the ball stud in the knuckle boss during each inspection of the ball joint. One way to inspect the ball stud for wear is to shake the wheel and feel for movement of the stud end or the castellated nut at the knuckle boss.

Another way to inspect the ball stud for wear is to check the fastener torque at the castellated nut. A loose nut can indicate a stressed stud or a hole in the knuckle boss.

Worn or damaged ball joints and knuckles must be replaced.

### Excessive Friction Check

Use the following procedure to check for excessive friction in the front suspension:

1. Enlist the help of another technician to lift up on the front bumper, raising the vehicle as high as possible.
2. Slowly release the bumper, allowing the vehicle to assume its normal trim height.
3. Measure the distance from the street level to the center of the bumper.
4. Push down on the bumper, release slowly, and allow the vehicle to assume its normal trim height.
5. Measure the distance from the street level to the center of the bumper.
6. The difference between the 2 measurements should be less than 12.7 mm (0.5 in). If the difference exceeds this limit, inspect the control arms, the struts, and the ball joints for damage or wear.