For 1990-2009 cars

The Circuit Testing section contains the following diagnostic testing information. Using this information along with the diagnostic procedures will identify the cause of the electrical malfunction.

• | Using Connector Test Adapters

• | Probing Electrical Connectors

• | Troubleshooting with a Digital Multimeter

• | Troubleshooting with a Test Lamp

• | Using Fused Jumper Wires

• | Measuring Voltage

• | Measuring Voltage Drop

• | Measuring Frequency

• | Testing for Continuity

• | Testing for Short to Ground

• | Testing for a Short to Voltage

• | Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections

• | Inducing Intermittent Fault Conditions

• | Testing for Electrical Intermittents

• | Scan Tool Snapshot Procedure

• | Circuit Protection - Fuses

• | Circuit Protection - Circuit Breakers

• | Circuit Protection - Fusible Links