For 1990-2009 cars

## Cooling Fan Inoperative 2.0L

### Diagnostic Instructions

• | Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this diagnostic procedure.

• | Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic approach.

• | Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

### Circuit/System Description

The powertrain control module (PCM) commands the fans ON in high speed or low speed. In low speed, the fans are configured in series. In high speed, the fans are configured in parallel.

In low speed operation, the PCM applies ground to the coil side of the low speed relay, which is relay 1. Voltage is applied directly to the left cooling fan through the switch side of the low speed relay. The right fan is connected in series to the left fan through the de-energized series/parallel relay so that both fans operate at low speed.

In high speed operation, the PCM applies a ground to the coil side of the low speed relay, the series/parallel relay, and the high speed relay, which is relay 2. Voltage is applied directly to the right cooling fan through the switch side of the high speed relay. The left cooling fan obtains voltage through the low speed relay and ground through the series/parallel relay.

When the PCM is commanding a fan relay ON, the voltage of the control circuit should be low, near 0 volt. When the PCM is commanding a fan relay OFF, the voltage of the control circuit should be high, near battery voltage. If the PCM detects that the actual voltage of the relay control circuit is different than the expected voltage, DTC P0480 or P0481 will set and the affected PCM driver will be disabled.

### Reference Information

#### Schematic Reference

Engine Cooling Schematics

#### Connector End View Reference

• | Cooling System Component Views

• | Cooling System Connector End Views

• | Powertrain Control Module Connector End Views

#### Description and Operation

Cooling Fan Description and Operation

#### Electrical Information Reference

• | Circuit Testing

• | Connector Repairs

• | Electrical Center Identification Views

• | Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections

• | Wiring Repairs

#### DTC Type Reference

Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions

#### Scan Tool Reference

• | Scan Tool Data Definitions

• | Scan Tool Data List

• | Scan Tool Output Controls

### Circuit/System Verification

1. If DTCs P0480 or P0481 are set, perform those diagnostics first.
2. Ignition ON, disconnect the engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor connector. the fans should activate on high speed.
3. Connect the ECT sensor connector. Clear DTCs with a scan tool.
4. Verify that the engine coolant temperature is below approximately 93°C (200°F).
5. Idle the engine until the coolant reaches fan activation temperature of approximately 93°C (200°F). The fans should activate on low speed.

### Circuit/System Testing

Important: You must perform the Circuit/System Verification before proceeding with Circuit/System Testing.

1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the series/parallel relay.
2. Ignition ON, disconnect the ECT sensor connector. the left cooling fan should not activate.

⇒ | If the fan is activated, test the left fan ground circuit for a short to ground.

3. Ignition OFF, disconnect the remaining relays.
4. Ignition OFF, install a 30A fused jumper between the normally-open switch contact terminals at the series/parallel relay connector in order to complete the fan ground circuit. Leave this jumper in place for the remainder of this procedure.
5. Ignition OFF, one at a time, connect a 30A fused jumper between the positive terminal at the battery and the fan voltage supply circuit terminal at the cool/fan 1 and the cool/fan 2 relay connectors and verify fan activation.

⇒ | If the appropriate fan does not activate, test the fan voltage supply circuit for a short to ground or open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, test the fan ground circuit for an open/high resistance. If the circuits test normal, replace the fan.

6. Ignition ON, connect a 30A fused jumper between the relay switch voltage supply circuit terminal and the fan voltage supply circuit terminal at the cool/fan 1 and the cool/fan 2 relay connections and verify fan activation.

⇒ | If the fan does not activate, test the relay switch voltage supply circuit for a short to ground or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal and its fuse is open, test all connected components and replace as necessary.

7. If the circuits and fans test normal, replace the relay.

### Repair Instructions

• | Cooling Fan and Shroud Replacement

• | Fan Shroud Replacement

• | Powertrain Control Module Replacement

### Repair Verification

Ignition ON, command each relay ON and OFF with a scan tool. Observe to verify that the fans turn ON and OFF with each command.

## Cooling Fan Inoperative 2.2L and 2.4L

### Diagnostic Instructions

• | Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this diagnostic procedure.

• | Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic approach.

• | Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

### Circuit/System Description

The engine control module (ECM) grounds the low speed relay, which is relay 1, and the high speed relay, which is relay 2, control circuits through an internal solid state device called a driver. The primary function of the driver is to supply the ground for the component being controlled. Each driver has a fault line that is monitored by the ECM. When the ECM is commanding a component ON, the voltage potential of the control circuit should be low, near 0 volt. When the ECM is commanding the control circuit to a component OFF, the voltage potential of the circuit should be high, near battery voltage. If the ECM detects that the actual state of the control circuit does not match the expected state, a DTC will set.

### Reference Information

#### Schematic Reference

Engine Cooling Schematics

#### Connector End View Reference

• | Cooling System Component Views

• | Cooling System Connector End Views

• | Engine Control Module Connector End Views for the 2.2L engine

• | Engine Control Module Connector End Views for the 2.4L engine

#### Description and Operation

Cooling Fan Description and Operation

#### Electrical Information Reference

• | Circuit Testing

• | Connector Repairs

• | Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections

• | Wiring Repairs

• | Electrical Center Identification Views

#### DTC Type Reference

Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions

#### Scan Tool Reference

• | Scan Tool Data List

• | Scan Tool Data Definitions

• | Scan Tool Output Controls for the 2.2L engine

• | Scan Tool Output Controls for the 2.4L engine

### Circuit/System Verification

1. If DTCs P0480 or P0481 are set, then perform those diagnostics first.
2. Ignition ON, command each relay ON and OFF with a scan tool. Observe to verify that the fan turns ON and OFF with each command.

### Circuit/System Testing

Important: You must perform the Circuit/System Verification before proceeding with Circuit/System Testing.

1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the affected relay.
2. Connect a 30A fused jumper wire between the positive voltage terminal at the battery and the fan voltage supply circuit terminal and verify fan activation.

⇒ | If the fan does not activate, test the fan voltage supply circuit for a short to ground or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, test the fan ground circuit for an open/high resistance. If the fan did not activate and the circuits test normal, replace the fan.

3. Ignition ON, connect a 30A fused jumper wire between the relay switch voltage supply circuit terminal and the fan voltage supply circuit terminal and verify fan activation.

⇒ | If the fan does not activate, test the relay switch voltage supply circuit for a short to ground or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal and it's fuse is open, test all connected components and replace as necessary.

4. If the fan and all circuits test normal, replace the relay.

### Repair Instructions

• | Cooling Fan and Shroud Replacement

• | Fan Shroud Replacement

• | Engine Control Module Replacement for the 2.2L engine

• | Engine Control Module Replacement for the 2.4L engine

### Repair Verification

Ignition ON, command each relay ON and OFF with a scan tool. Observe to verify that each fan turns ON and OFF with each command.