For 1990-2009 cars

### Diagnostic Instructions

• | Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this diagnostic procedure.

• | Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic approach.

• | Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

### Diagnostic Fault Information

Circuit | Short to Ground | Open/High Resistance | Short to Voltage | Signal Performance
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
B+ | 1 | 1 | -- | --
Park Neutral Signal | 2 | 1 | 1 | --
CRNK Relay Control | 1 | 1 | 3 | --
Starter Control | 1 | 1 | 3 | --
Ground | -- | 1 | -- | --

1. No crank
2. Cranks in any gear
3. Cranks all the time

### Circuit/System Description

When the ignition switch is placed in the START position, a discrete signal is supplied to the body control module (BCM) notifying it that the ignition is in the START position. The BCM then sends a message to the engine control module (ECM) that crank has been requested. The ECM then verifies that the transmission is in Park or Neutral. If it is, the ECM then supplies 12 V to the control circuit of the crank relay. When this occurs, battery voltage is supplied through the switch of the crank relay to terminal A X1 of the starter solenoid.

### Reference Information

#### Schematic Reference

Starting and Charging Schematics

#### Connector End View Reference

Component Connector End Views

#### Description and Operation

Starting System Description and Operation

#### Electrical Information Reference

• | Circuit Testing

• | Connector Repairs

• | Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections

• | Wiring Repairs

#### Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

### Circuit/System Verification

1. Ignition ON, transmission in Park. Observe the scan tool ECM PNP Switch parameter. The parameter should be Park/Neutral.

⇒ | If not the specified value, refer to PNP Switch Malfunction.

2. Turn the ignition switch to the start position. The starter solenoid should engage and the engine should crank.

⇒ | If the solenoid does not engage, refer to CRNK Relay Malfunction.

⇒ | If the solenoid engages but the engine does not crank, refer to Starter Solenoid Clicks, Engine Does Not Crank.

### Circuit/System Testing

#### PNP Switch Malfunction

1. Inspect the range selector lever cable for proper adjustment. Refer to Range Selector Lever Cable Adjustment.
2. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the transmission inline 20-way connector.
3. Ignition ON, test for greater than 5 V between the signal circuit terminal 5 X1 and ground.

⇒ | If less than the specified range, test the signal circuit for a short to ground or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM.

4. Ignition OFF, remove the control valve body cover. Refer to Control Valve Body Cover Replacement.
5. Connect the transmission inline 20-way connector. Disconnect the shift position switch from the TCM.
6. Ignition OFF and scan tool disconnected, open and close the driver door, and wait 1 minute. Test for less than 5 Ω between the ground circuit terminal A of the TCM and ground.

⇒ | If greater than the specified range, test the TCM ground circuit for an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, replace the TCM.

7. Ignition ON, verify the scan tool ECM PNP Switch parameter is In Gear.

⇒ | If not the specified value, test the signal circuit terminal F for a short to ground. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM.

8. Install a 3 A fused jumper wire between the signal circuit terminal F and ground. Verify the scan tool ECM PNP Switch parameter is Park/Neutral.

⇒ | If not the specified value, test the signal circuit for a short to voltage or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM.

9. If all circuits test normal, test or replace the internal mode switch.

#### CRNK Relay Malfunction

1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the CRNK relay.
2. Ignition OFF and scan tool disconnected, open and close the driver door, and wait 30 seconds. Test for less than 5 Ω between the ground circuit terminal 85 and ground.

⇒ | If greater than the specified range, test the ground circuit for an open/high resistance.

3. Ignition ON, verify that a test lamp illuminates between the B+ circuit terminal 30 and ground.

⇒ | If the test lamp does not illuminate, test the B+ circuit for a short to ground or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal and the STRTR fuse is open, test the starter control circuit terminal 87 for a short to ground.

4. Ignition OFF and transmission in park, connect a 30 A fused jumper wire between the B+ circuit terminal 30 and the control circuit terminal 87. The engine should begin cranking.

⇒ | If the engine does not crank, test the control circuit for a short to ground or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, test or replace the starter.

5. Connect a test lamp between the ground circuit terminal 85 and the control circuit terminal 86.
6. Ignition ON and transmission in park, cycle the ignition switch between OFF and START. The test lamp should turn ON and OFF when changing between the commanded states.

⇒ | If the test lamp is always ON, test the relay control circuit terminal 86 for a short to voltage. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM.

⇒ | If the test lamp is always OFF, test the relay control circuit terminal 86 for a short to ground or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM.

7. If all circuits test normal, test or replace the CRNK relay.

### Component Testing

#### Relay Test

1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the CRNK relay.
2. Test for 60-180 Ω between terminals 85 and 86.

⇒ | If not within the specified range, replace the relay.

3. Test for infinite resistance between the following terminals:

• | 30 and 86

• | 30 and 87

• | 30 and 85

• | 85 and 87

⇒ | If not the specified value, replace the relay.

4. Install a 20 A fused jumper wire between terminal 85 and 12 V. Install a jumper wire between terminal 86 and ground. Test for less than 2 Ω between terminals 30 and 87.

⇒ | If greater than the specified range, replace the relay.

### Repair Instructions

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic procedure.

• | Relay Replacement

• | Starter Motor Replacement

• | Control Solenoid Valve and Transmission Control Module Assembly Replacement

• | Control Module References for ECM replacement, setup and programming.